In 2024, renewable energy sources accounted for 47.4% of the European Union’s net electricity production, reflecting a 2.6% increase from 2023. This growth was driven by significant investments in wind, solar, and hydropower projects across Europe, aligning with the EU’s strategy to reduce dependence on fossil fuels and achieve climate neutrality by 2050.
Denmark led the EU in renewable energy share, with 88.8% of its electricity coming from renewables, primarily wind power. Portugal followed with 87.4%, utilizing a mix of wind and hydropower, while Croatia ranked third at 73.8%, largely relying on hydro energy. At the lower end of the scale, Malta (15.1%), the Czech Republic (17.5%), and Cyprus (24.1%) had the smallest shares of renewables, as their energy sectors remain dependent on fossil fuels.
Wind and hydropower accounted for over two-thirds of the EU’s renewable electricity generation, with wind contributing 39.1% and hydropower 29.9%. Solar energy made up 22.4%, while biomass and other fuel combustion contributed 8.1%, and geothermal energy accounted for 0.5%.
To support the expansion of renewables, the European Commission has introduced various funding programs, including grants and low-interest loans for renewable energy projects. Technological advancements are also improving the integration of renewables into existing energy systems. In the coming years, the share of renewable energy in electricity generation is expected to continue rising, supported by innovations such as battery storage and hydrogen, which will enhance energy stability and resilience.
