In Week 23 of 2025, electricity market prices surged across nearly all Southeast European (SEE) countries except Türkiye, driven by higher gas and CO₂ prices alongside reduced wind energy production. Prices started the week near €100/MWh, then gradually declined below €100/MWh, ending around €60/MWh on Sunday, June 8. All SEE countries saw double-digit electricity price increases, except Italy, which recorded a modest 2% rise. Greece and Croatia experienced the steepest price jumps at 35.11% and 23.01%, respectively, followed by Bulgaria (+21.30%), Romania (+20.86%), and Serbia (+20.68%). Conversely, Türkiye saw a significant price drop of -38.98%.
In Central Europe during the first week of June 2025, average weekly spot electricity prices showed mixed trends. Most major Central European markets traded around €65/MWh, reflecting regional price pressures. Slovenia was the priciest market at €92.71/MWh, marking a 26.12% increase from Week 22, with Austria following at €77.67/MWh. France recorded the lowest average price in the region at €17.09/MWh, a sharp weekly decrease of -38.96%.
Across Europe in Week 23, average weekly electricity prices hovered around €74/MWh, ranging from €17.09/MWh in France to €99.73/MWh in Italy. The MIBEL markets of Spain and Portugal saw significant price surges, rising 70.97% and 59.19% respectively, reaching €51.41/MWh and €55.27/MWh. In Southern Europe, SEE countries recorded prices near €90/MWh, except Italy which topped €99/MWh. Türkiye had the lowest average at €36.23/MWh, followed by Greece at €87.70/MWh. Italy led the week with the highest average price, increasing slightly by 2%. Bulgaria was the second most expensive SEE market at €91.35/MWh. Daily prices in SEE generally peaked on Monday, June 2, with the lowest on Sunday, June 8.
Electricity demand in SEE during Week 23 declined overall by -6.63% compared to the previous week, mainly due to Türkiye’s sharp -21.91% drop. Bulgaria and Romania also saw minor declines of -1.62% and -0.59%, respectively. In contrast, Greece (+7.79%), Croatia (+6.91%), Serbia (+6.38%), Hungary (+4.80%), and Italy (+3.11%) experienced increased demand, spurred by rising temperatures and cooling needs. Total electricity consumption in the region was 13,567.98 GWh.
Renewable electricity generation in SEE fell by -8.8% week-on-week, totaling 2,102.85 GWh. This was mainly caused by a steep -32.2% drop in wind power generation (797.74 GWh), with Greece and Croatia suffering the largest reductions of -62.4% and -59.7%. Meanwhile, solar generation grew by 15.6% to 1,305.10 GWh, led by Bulgaria (+57.2%) and Romania (+56.8%). Türkiye and Italy were the only countries to see declines in solar output. Hydropower production in SEE declined by -5.42%, totaling 2,255.94 GWh, driven primarily by significant falls in Bulgaria (-37.21%) and Türkiye (-13.60%). Other SEE countries recorded gains in hydropower, boosted by local precipitation, with Greece (+31.51%), Hungary (+29.95%), and Italy (+27.29%) posting the highest increases.
Thermal power generation in SEE decreased by -14.13% compared to the previous week, totaling 3,837.21 GWh. Both coal- and gas-fired output dropped, with coal-fired generation falling by -14.13% (2,437.17 GWh) and gas-fired generation declining more sharply by -22.93% (1,400.00 GWh). Türkiye reduced coal production by -12.13% and gas-fired output by -58.73%. Bulgaria’s coal generation also decreased by -8.65%, while its gas-fired generation rose by 11.55%. Greece saw notable increases, with coal generation up by 70.38% and gas-fired electricity rising by 13.18%.
Cross-border electricity trade in SEE declined significantly in Week 23. Net imports dropped by -13.52% to 1,100.88 GWh, while exports fell dramatically by -71.3% to just 24.11 GWh compared to Week 21. Romania, Serbia, Hungary, and Italy recorded sharp declines in net imports (-65.37%, -18.45%, -13.62%, and -13.14% respectively). Conversely, Croatia increased its net electricity imports by 32.87%. Greece maintained net exports at 24.11 GWh, continuing its exporting role from the previous week. Bulgaria and Serbia shifted to net exporters, with exports of 5.76 GWh and 0.96 GWh, respectively.
