Hydropower has been a vital part of energy generation in Southeast Europe (SEE), accounting for 20-25% of the region’s electricity, with even higher reliance in countries like Albania. Its renewable nature and low operational costs make it attractive for reducing fossil fuel dependence. However, the impacts of climate change—such as unpredictable precipitation patterns and increased temperatures—pose significant challenges to this energy source.
Recent trends indicate a decrease in water availability due to prolonged droughts, erratic rainfall, and reduced snowmelt. This situation is exacerbated by climate models predicting a marked decline in annual precipitation, particularly in summer. While some areas may experience increased rainfall during certain seasons, the overall trend suggests a net decrease in water resources, threatening hydropower generation and energy security.
Countries like Albania, North Macedonia, and Serbia have faced severe droughts, leading to reduced hydropower output and increased reliance on imported fossil fuels. These disruptions not only threaten energy stability but also hinder progress toward climate goals.
To adapt, SEE countries need to proactively manage their hydropower assets and consider diversifying their energy portfolios with alternative solutions, ensuring resilience against the impacts of climate change.
