In Week 12 of 2025, electricity market prices across the Southeast Europe (SEE) region showed mixed trends, with prices edging lower in half of the SEE countries as electricity demand eased. The week began with a rising price trend, peaking mid-week before falling. The highest percentage decreases were seen in Hungary and Croatia, where electricity prices fell by -13.39% and -11.43%, respectively. Serbia and Romania also experienced price drops of -9.78% and -4.85%, respectively. On the other hand, Türkiye, Greece, and Italy saw price increases, with rises of 17.62%, 5.54%, and 5.00%, respectively.
In Central Europe, weekly average spot electricity prices decreased, staying below €100/MWh in most markets, except for Switzerland. The lower electricity demand, driven by higher temperatures and increased wind and solar energy production compared to the previous week, contributed to this decline. Prices in Central Europe ranged between €57 and €118/MWh. Switzerland recorded the highest price in the region at €117.89/MWh, which was 1.73% lower than Week 11. Slovakia followed at €97.05/MWh. France had the lowest price in Central Europe, at €56.90/MWh, 43.49% lower than the previous week.
Across Europe, weekly average prices were around €86/MWh, ranging from €33.96/MWh in Portugal to €123.25/MWh in Italy. In the MIBEL market, prices dropped to €33.96/MWh in Portugal and €35.61/MWh in Spain, showing decreases of 20.78% and 21.84%, respectively. In the southern part of Europe, half of the SEE countries saw prices below €100/MWh, with Italy being the exception. Prices ranged from €58 to €123/MWh, with Türkiye recording the lowest price at €57.77/MWh, followed by Serbia at €90.11/MWh. Italy had the highest price at €123.25/MWh, a 5.00% increase compared to the previous week. Croatia’s price was €94.42/MWh.
Daily prices during the week of March 17 saw the highest prices on Wednesday, March 20, and the lowest on Friday, March 23. In Week 12, electricity demand across SEE countries decreased, with losses in all markets except Greece and Croatia. This decrease was attributed to the alternating weather conditions, with high temperatures and clear skies giving way to cloudier but still warm weather, followed by milder and dry conditions later in the week. Overall, electricity demand in SEE countries fell by -3.72% compared to Week 11 of 2025, totaling 15,888.34 GWh.
The largest drop in electricity demand was seen in Hungary (-15.24%), followed by Bulgaria (-15.18%) and Romania (-12.96%). Serbia, Türkiye, and Italy recorded smaller declines of -9.19%, -1.66%, and -0.28%, respectively. Greece and Croatia were the only countries to see an increase in demand, with rises of 1.16% and 0.73%, respectively.
The output from variable renewables in the SEE region decreased by -15.9% in Week 12, reaching 2,567.65 GWh. Wind generation dropped by -15.5%, amounting to 1,960.87 GWh, with Italy and Serbia recording the largest decreases in wind output, -58.8% and -30.8%, respectively. Solar output also declined by -17.1%, totaling 960.40 GWh, with Italy seeing the highest decrease in solar output at -58.7%. On the other hand, Hungary and Croatia saw significant increases in solar output, with rises of 90.3% and 71.1%, respectively.
Hydropower generation in SEE recovered by 26.83% compared to the previous week, totaling 2,091.11 GWh. Croatia, Greece, Serbia, and Türkiye saw increases in hydropower output, with Croatia leading with a 95.11% surge. However, Italy and Bulgaria recorded a decrease in hydropower generation, with reductions of -71.52% and -26.23%, respectively.
Thermal power generation in SEE dropped by -60.22% in Week 12, with a total output of 7,252.90 GWh. Coal-fired generation fell by -12.67%, amounting to 2,844.62 GWh, while gas-fired generation decreased by -70.56%, totaling 4,408.27 GWh. Türkiye saw a -3.33% decline in coal-fired generation, while gas-fired generation increased by 38.23%. Greece saw slight increases in lignite and gas-fired generation by 3.76% and 3.86%, respectively. Bulgaria recorded a -3.71% drop in coal generation but a 10.71% increase in gas generation. Italy experienced significant decreases in both coal and gas-fired generation by -88.34% and -81.47%, respectively.
Regarding cross-border electricity trade, net electricity imports in the SEE region decreased by -13.94%, totaling 1,060.59 GWh. Electricity exports increased by 50.8%, amounting to 138.19 GWh, while imports fell by -9.5%, totaling 1,198.78 GWh. Hungary and Italy saw a decline in net imports, by -25.96% and -2.15%, respectively, while Croatia experienced a 23.14% increase in net imports. Romania, Bulgaria, and Türkiye switched from importing to exporting electricity, while Greece turned from an exporter to an importer, registering 43.89 GWh in imports.
